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Exposure to sunlight or other sources of ultraviolet radiation (UVR), such as sunbeds, is the main cause of aging and development of skin cancer. RUV causes a cumulative and irreversible damage to the skin structure. For this reason, it is essential to avoid sun damage from an early age. Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer in humans: 1 in 3 will be cutaneous. Detected early, it is clean in most cases, "said Dr. Ana De Pablo, Deputy Head of Dermatology at Australian University Hospital and a professor at the Australian University of Biomedical Sciences.
Despite preventive measures and early diagnosis, skin cancers have risen throughout the world over the past two decades. And Argentina does not get rid of this growth. "Raising public awareness about prevention measures is a fundamental pillar. In this respect, it is important that people learn to conduct self-examination for personal knowledge and recognition of injuries that may be new, change and motivate consultation with the specialist, and educate yourself to acquire healthy habits in the sun, minimize the risk of burns and reduce the accumulation of damage by RUV, "De Pablo said.
Diagnosis of cancer still has a negative burden on people. It is perceived as a turning point and no possibility of survival, but it is a false idea that leads to isolation and stigmatization of people.
According to the Ministry of National Health, 9 out of 10 cases of skin cancer are due to exposure to the sun. The reason for this is that the skin continuously absorbs the ultraviolet radiation that emits the sun over the course of life.
It is estimated that a person aged 18 years has already been exposed to 80% of the total UV rays that will be absorbed throughout his life, therefore the importance of adopting healthy habits before sun exposure throughout the year, not only in the summer, and Make frequent personal care checks, as well as with a specialist.
In the National Cancer Prevention Campaign, Dr. Alejandro Turek, Clinical Oncology Specialist (MN 65.164), has provided some recommendations that need to be considered to avoid wounds when exposed to the sun, now that the summer season .
"The time has come when everybody is exposed either on the street, in the pool, on the beach or in the sun. Some people with dark skin have more luck and more bronze, but others with lighter skin should be careful and not be neglected in every exhibition, "said the expert.
Yes and no, to protect the skin
According to the specialist, a skin that is cared for by sun damage, especially among young people, has a much lower risk of subsequently showing signs of photosynthesis or injuries such as skin cancer.
"The higher the exposure to the sun, the higher the risk, the UV rays affect our DNA, our genetic information." UVA causes aging of the skin, "we raise or weep over time." Repeated exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun is regarded by science as the greatest risk factor for the development of skin cancer, the most common tumor of all, affecting the largest organ of all, "Turek said.
Skin redness is an immediate reaction to the sun and is common in people with clear skin and eyes. Darker skins do not go through this stage, but tan directly. But they are also damaged in the long run, so protection is always indicated. Although it is ideal not to expose the skin, if you want to get a tan, it is better to be progressive, especially during the first days of exposure. "
Basic precautions
It is essential to avoid sun exposure at noon between 11 and 16 hours, because at this point the body's shadow is shorter and the sun is shining brightly from the center of the sky.
l Babies and young children should not be exposed to the sun until they are 6 months of age (mainly because they can not use protectors at this time) and at least 3 years, at least protecting them with cotton, hats and FPS, 15.
l There are a wide variety of types of sunscreen products that correspond to each type of skin and situation. But it is essential to use a broad spectrum protection product (UVB-UVA filters) with a sun protection factor of 30 or higher.
l After selecting the sunscreen, the product should be placed half an hour before exposure so that the skin can absorb the active ingredients.
The protector should be renewed every two hours and then leave the water (sea, lake, pool, stream, river, cascade) or excessive sweating. It is important to put a sufficient amount of cream. Approximately 2 milligrams per square inch of skin are recommended.
l In addition to applying creams, suitable accessories should be used to increase sun protection, such as UV-protected sun glasses, wide-edge hats or visor caps.
l The protector should be applied to all skin exposed to sunlight and special attention should be paid to areas such as ankles, neck or head in the case of chelated or raced natural skin.
l The hydration ritual is recommended to be done in the morning before the day begins and then apply sunscreen
You should not only wear light clothing, even if you think it's cooler, because t-shirts or pants with dark beats and dark colors protect your skin better from lightning.
l While you are exposed to the sun and especially on hot days, drink plenty of liquid (about 2 to 3 liters a day) and increase your consumption of fruit and vegetables.
• After each exposure, in addition, the skin should be hydrated to continue protecting it. The use of "post-sun" creams is also recommended for skin not to be injured.
evaluation
Ultraviolet radiation, especially solar radiation, is carcinogenic for humans and causes all major types of skin cancer, such as basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma.
By the Abcde technique or rule, a pigmentary lesion is evaluated; asymmetry, edges, color, diameter and also its evolution. If someone has a pigmented lesion or what we commonly know as a mole, the following features should be assessed: its asymmetry, the detection of undefined or high margins, differences in color tones, diameters greater than six millimeters, time changes in time, and the presence of symptomatic lesions, for example painful or itching or ulcers.
Once the diagnosis is made, it is attempted to determine what type of melanoma is and at what stage it is and on which a treatment and prognosis is established.
"This flagship action leading the SAD is characterized not only by providing free care to detect suspicious lesions of a possible skin cancer, but also accompanied by photoeducation measures with the vision to raise awareness among the population about pathology prevention behaviors, "says Dr. Cristina Pascutto, dermatologist and president of Argentina's Dermatology Society.
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