Thursday , March 30 2023

Women who have a first-degree relative with breast cancer have a 40-fold higher risk of breast cancer



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Women who have a first-degree relative with breast cancer have a 40-fold higher risk of breast cancer

According to the latest statistics published by the World Health Organization, cancer is a disease that more and more afflicts people globally: it is estimated that in 2018 the number of illnesses will reach 18.1 million and the number of deaths at 9, 6 million.

Cancer remains the second cause of mortality after cardiovascular disease, but experts come up with positive news: 30 to 50 percent of cancers can be prevented through a healthy lifestyle. Elimination of smoking, balanced diet, moderate movement, and compliance with medical assessments that have proven efficacy could reduce the risk of cancer. In the case of women, breast cancer is number one in the number of illnesses and cervical cancer is the fourth place. Both types of cancer can be treated successfully if women go to a doctor every year and do not miss some important tests.
"Women should have an annual mammogram, with or without breast ultrasound, after the age of 50. A breast screening under the age of 50 is done for women who have a hederocolateral history, ie Grade 1 or Grade 2 relatives with breast cancer or ovarian cancer. The risk of having a woman with a breast cancer grade 1 relative to breast cancer is 40 times higher than that for the general population. In addition to ultrasound and mammography, breast implantation is just as important. I believe that self-examination should not be ignored because many of the patients present come after they have discovered "nodules" at autopalpation ", recommends Andreea Pătrulescu, head of the medical oncology department at Onco Card Hospital Braşov.
In case of cervical cancer, vaccination at young age against HPV could prevent the illness. Annual gynecological testing and Pap smear after 21 years are important to highlight malignant lesions. Physicians are categorical: no cervical lesion should be neglected! In addition, they advocate the performance of state-of-the-art analyzes, such as the Pap test in liquid medium.
"The test in the liquid medium is very precise, because in the liquid medium a higher percentage of cells will be selected to be analyzed by the anatomo-pathologist. Thus, if there is more cell material, and the result is more accurate. But if they are done properly and are done annually, the classic tests are good because they can highlight changes in the cervix. The problem is that they are not done at all, because they do not show up in the medical service. There are very few women who go to the gynecologist to check regularly every year"Says the oncologist.

Dr. Pătrulescu confesses that he sees a lot of cases of advanced colorectal cancer – about 70 percent of the diagnoses he puts are so. Many youngsters end up in such a limiting situation and, at the height, many medical professionals, as the specialist says in oncology.

"There are also cervical cancers not given by HPV, but most have precursor HPV infection. HPV strains 16 and 18 are the most aggressive. In most cases, if infection persists and is not monitored, it leads to cancer development. In cervical cancer, the symptoms appear late in its evolution, and when there are few – bleeding, pelvic pain – and the disease is widespread. Therefore, gynecological checks should be made periodically and the lesions should be discovered early. Cervical cancer is a treatable cancer if it is detected on time", Says the doctor.

The situation is not happy even in breast cancer, many patients reaching a doctor with large tumors, even 12 cm. Oncologists say that many of the breast cancers develop slowly, sometimes even in 7 years. All the while, ultrasound and mammography can detect and guide doctors to the most effective therapies. These are established after the biopsy, essential in the treatment of cancers, but viewed with the suspicion of many people.

"It is further believed that if a tumor is biopsy, it is "scattered" to use the patients' language. An unbiopied tumor can not be treated, a tumor that is not treated sooner or later will metastasize. Unfortunately, we have heard medical professionals who believe this and many other educated people. If I get a biopsy patient in my office, like an oncologist, I'm telling him I can not treat a tumor if I do not know what type of tumor it is. The term "cancer" is not enough. There are many subtypes that are treated differently, you need to know all the details about the disease before deciding treatment. And when I say I need biopsy, I often get the question, and will not it be scattered? The answer is: No, it will not scatter"Explains the oncologist the importance of biopsy.

Prejudice also persists in the efficacy of chemotherapy, radiotherapy or surgery. There are still patients postponing a doctor's visit and resorting to natural therapies.

"You do not know how many young patients die in the eye because they choose this naturist treatment. And if it's to be honest, alternative treatments are not that natural. And the more exotic the plants are, the more it is believed. It is quite difficult to fight these prejudices. I'm trying to tell patients that oncology treatments that include radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery are the only effective ones. Cancer is an aggressive disease that we must treat aggressively. Perhaps natural treatments help, perhaps, are effective, but so far there is no solid evidence in the medical literature to prove their efficacy. They are not studied and often associated with adverse effects that may be severe: hepatic failure, renal insufficiency. A study published on Medscape showed that natural treatments decrease the survival of cancer patients"Warns doctor Andreea Pătrulescu.

The same hopes are also related to anti-cancer diets. These are not scientifically proven, that is why specialists recommend caution in adopting them. The diet of cancer patients should be balanced, rich in vegetables, fruits, cereals, olives, fish and fermented dairy products.

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